SAFETY LEARNING HUB
Guides, tutorials, and citation-friendly definitions for functional safety and cybersecurity engineering.
Use this glossary as a practical reference for functional safety and cybersecurity terms used in ISO 26262, ISO/SAE 21434, IEC 61508, IEC 61511, and related safety engineering workflows.
Functional Safety Hub
See how HARA, FMEA, FMEDA, FTA, safety goals, requirements, reviews, and evidence connect in one workflow.
Start with HARA
Learn the ISO 26262 workflow from item definition to hazardous events, ASIL, safety goals, and traceability.
Move into TARA
Follow the ISO/SAE 21434 flow from assets and damage scenarios to threats, risk treatment, and cybersecurity goals.
Compare Tools
Compare SafeForge, ALM systems, requirements platforms, model-based safety tools, and document-based workflows.
Guides & Tutorials
Complete Guide to HARA for ISO 26262
Learn how HARA works in ISO 26262, what auditors expect, how to move from item definition to safety goals, and where AI-assisted tools can help without replacing engineering judgment.
How to Write Safety Goals from HARA Outputs
A practical guide to writing safety goals that connect HARA rows to functional safety concepts, requirements, and audit-ready traceability.
ASIL Decomposition Explained with Examples
Understand the practical purpose of ASIL decomposition, why independence matters, and how teams should document decomposition decisions for review.
Traceability in ISO 26262: What Auditors Actually Check
A practical guide to ISO 26262 traceability: what needs to connect, where teams lose evidence, and how workflow tools reduce audit friction.
What Is a Safety Case and How Do You Build One?
Learn what a safety case is, how it differs from a pile of documents, and why traceability is essential for a defensible safety argument.
HARA Template vs HARA Software: What Teams Outgrow
Compare HARA templates and dedicated HARA software, including review workflow, ASIL logic, audit history, traceability, and AI-assisted drafting.
TARA Methodology for ISO/SAE 21434: Step by Step
A practical ISO/SAE 21434 TARA guide for automotive cybersecurity teams, covering assets, damage scenarios, threats, attack feasibility, risk treatment, cybersecurity goals, and evidence.
How to Write Cybersecurity Goals from TARA Outputs
Learn how to convert TARA outputs into cybersecurity goals, requirements, controls, and traceable evidence without losing the original risk rationale.
TARA vs HARA: ISO 21434 and ISO 26262 Compared
Compare TARA and HARA across assets, hazards, threats, ASIL, risk treatment, safety goals, cybersecurity goals, and traceability.
TARA Template vs TARA Software: What Security Teams Outgrow
Compare TARA templates and dedicated TARA software across assets, threats, attack feasibility, risk treatment, review control, and evidence traceability.
Best Functional Safety Software in 2026
Compare functional safety software options for ISO 26262, HARA, TARA, requirements traceability, review control, artifact generation, and audit-ready evidence.
Aegis SafeForge vs Ansys medini analyze
Compare Aegis SafeForge and Ansys medini analyze across HARA, TARA, model-based safety analysis, traceability, review workflow, and team adoption.
Aegis SafeForge vs Jama Connect
Compare Aegis SafeForge and Jama Connect for functional safety teams managing HARA, TARA, requirements, reviews, and traceability.
Aegis SafeForge vs Siemens Polarion
Compare Aegis SafeForge and Siemens Polarion for ISO 26262 workflows, HARA, TARA, ALM, requirements traceability, and enterprise governance.
Aegis SafeForge vs Confluence for Functional Safety
Compare Aegis SafeForge with Confluence-based functional safety workflows for HARA, TARA, review control, traceability, and audit-ready evidence.
Functional Safety Tools for Startups and Small Teams
A practical guide for startups and small teams choosing functional safety tools for HARA, TARA, safety goals, requirements traceability, review control, and evidence.
Glossary
HARA
HARA, or Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment, is the ISO 26262 activity used to identify hazardous events, evaluate severity, exposure, and controllability, derive ASIL, and define safety goals.
TARA
TARA, or Threat Analysis and Risk Assessment, is the ISO/SAE 21434 workflow for identifying assets, damage scenarios, threat scenarios, attack feasibility, impact, risk treatment, and cybersecurity goals.
ASIL
ASIL, or Automotive Safety Integrity Level, is the ISO 26262 risk classification derived from severity, exposure, and controllability ratings for a hazardous event.
SIL
SIL, or Safety Integrity Level, is a target level of risk reduction used in functional safety standards such as IEC 61508 and IEC 61511.
FMEA
FMEA, or Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, is a structured method for identifying failure modes, their effects, causes, controls, and risk priorities.
FMEDA
FMEDA, or Failure Modes, Effects, and Diagnostic Analysis, extends FMEA by evaluating diagnostic coverage and failure rates for safety-relevant hardware or systems.
FTA
FTA, or Fault Tree Analysis, is a top-down safety analysis method that models how combinations of faults can lead to an undesired top event.
SOTIF
SOTIF, or Safety of the Intended Functionality, addresses hazards that arise from performance limitations or reasonably foreseeable misuse rather than system faults.
Safety Goal
A safety goal is a top-level safety requirement derived from HARA that defines the safety intent needed to avoid or mitigate an unreasonable risk.
Safety Requirement
A safety requirement specifies a safety-related obligation derived from safety goals, concepts, architecture, or analysis results.
Safety Case
A safety case is a structured argument, supported by evidence, that a system is acceptably safe for its intended use and operating context.
Item Definition
An item definition describes the function, boundaries, interfaces, assumptions, operating modes, and context of the automotive item being analyzed.
Functional Safety Concept
A functional safety concept defines functional safety requirements and preliminary safety measures needed to satisfy safety goals.
Technical Safety Concept
A technical safety concept refines functional safety requirements into technical safety requirements allocated to system elements.
Traceability Matrix
A traceability matrix maps relationships between hazards, threats, goals, requirements, controls, tests, evidence, reviews, and work products.
Confirmation Review
A confirmation review is an independent review activity used in ISO 26262 to evaluate whether selected work products meet their objectives.